Islamic Education Reform In The Middle East: Tradition and Modernization in Education in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Turkey
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51672/alfikru.v19i11.674Keywords:
Educational Reform, Tradition, Educational ModernizationAbstract
This abstract aims to analyze the process of Islamic education reform in three Middle Eastern countries, namely Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Turkey, which face challenges in balancing the preservation of traditional Islamic values and the need for modernization based on science and technology. This study uses a qualitative approach with literature review to explore educational policies and socio-political dynamics that influence the transformation of Islamic education in the three countries. The findings reveal that Saudi Arabia, through its Vision 2030, focuses on moderating religious teachings and reforming the curriculum to create a globally competitive generation. Egypt attempts to integrate Al-Azhar education with the secular education system despite facing epistemological dualism. Turkey strengthens Islamic education through Imam Hatip schools under a secular state framework. This study identifies that the success of educational reform is greatly influenced by political and ideological contexts and the readiness of human resources. The implications of this study include the importance of curriculum flexibility and teacher training to respond to the challenges of the 21st century.
References
Al-Otaibi, N. (2020). Vision 2030: Religious Education Reform in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Assaad, R., Hendy, R., Lassassi, M., & Yassin, S. (2021). Explaining the MENA Paradox: Rising Educational Attainment, Yet Stagnant Female Labor Force Participation. HHS Public Access, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2020.43.28.Explaining
Azmiyah, Yafi, S., Zulmuqim, & Masyhudi, F. (2024). Kajian Dinamika Universitas Al-Azhar dan Reformasi Pendidikan di Mesir serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Dunia Islam. Tanjak: Jurnal Sejarah dan Peradaban Islam, 4(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.19109/tanjak.v4i2.22728
Dayem, F. G. A., Fikri, A., Sutrisno, & Susilo, M. J. (2024). Analisis Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam di Al-Azhar, Mesir pada Era Kontemporer. Buletin Edukasi Indonesia (BEI), 3(01), 27–37. https://doi.org/10.56741/bei.v3i01.519
Habibi, D. F. (2018). Modernisasi Pendidikan Islam di Timur Tengah (Studi Kawasan Mesir dan Turki). Risâlah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Studi Islam, 4(2), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3552061
Haq, A. D., Anwar, A., & Sulaiman, U. (2023). Islam Sekuler di Turki dan Pemikiran Kemal Ataturk. CARITA: Jurnal Sejarah Dan Budaya, 2(1), 18–32. https://doi.org/10.25130/sc.24.1.6
Karo, T. K. (2017). Modernisasi Pendidikan Islam di Mesir. Waraqat : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 2(2), 97–120. https://doi.org/10.51590/waraqat.v2i2.60
Kusmawati, H., Kasanah, N. R., & Fasanah, S. N. (2023). Karakter Pendidikan pada Masa Peradaban Islam di Luar Indonesia. Educationist: Journal of Educational and Cultural Studies, 2(1), 208–218.
Latifah, A., & Solihat, A. (2024). Power Relation and Knowledge: Linking Islamic Education to Socio-Political Reform in Saudi Arabia. Attarbiyah: Journal of Islamic Culture and Education, 9(2), 157–172. https://doi.org/10.18326/attarbiyah.v9i2.157-172
Maulana, R. H., Badrudin, & Erihadiana, M. (2024). Transformation of Saudi Arabian Education in the Framework of Vision 2030. Proceeding of International Conference on Education, Society and Humanity, 02(02), 515–521.
Maya, R., Mufid, Samsuddin, & Al-Farisi, M. F. (2024). Moderasi Internal Beragama Perspektif ’Abd al-Rahman al-Sudais, Presiden Urusan Dua Masjid Suci. Al-Qiblah: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Bahasa Arab, 3(5), 826–842. https://doi.org/10.36701/qiblah.v3i5.
Mohamed, A. E. (2024). The Relationship between State-Provided Islamic Education and Islamism. Politic and Religion, 17, 468–493. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4504692
Nurhasanah, & Sassi, K. (2024). Analisis Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam di Turki: Model Pendidikan Terpadu antara Tradisi dan Modernitas. Jurnal Al-Qayyimah, 7(2), 89–109.
Omar, M. T. M. (2020). Religious Education in the Arab World: Saudi Arabia , Sudan and Egypt as Models. English Language Teaching, 13(12), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n12p27
Saad, A., & Fahim, A. (2021). Access Digital Divide in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA): Current State and Measures for Improvement. International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business, 13(3), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.5815/ijieeb.2021.03.02
Şahin, I., & Kesik, F. (2019). A Critical Review of Religious Education Policies and Practices of Turkey from the Perspective of Inclusion. Education as Change, 23, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.25159/1947-9417/3456
Sarah, S., Arifin, N. F., Ramona, E., & Adam, Y. F. (2023). Modernisasi Arab Saudi Era Muhammad bin Salman. Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin, 25(2), 151–165.
Takwil, M. (2023). Modernisasi Pendidikan Islam di Mesir, Malaysia dan Indonesia. El-Banat: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pendidikan Islam, 12(2), 177–193.
Usman, A. M., & Umar, M. (2021). Modernisasi Pendidikan Islam; Telaah Pemikiran Muhammad Abduh. Jurnal Ilmiah Iqra’, 15(2), 237–258.
Yilmaz, I. (2022). Islamist Populist Nation-Building: Gradual, Ad Hoc Islamisation of the Secular Education System in Turkey. Religions, 13(9), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13090814
Zengin, M., & Hendek, A. (2023). The Future of Imam Hatip Schools as a Model for Islamic Education in Türkiye. Religions, 14(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14030375
